Prostate cancer symptoms

Early prostate cancer usually has no symptoms. When symptoms of prostate cancer occurs, there may be some of the following questions arise: 

 Urinary frequency, especially at night; 

 Dysuria or unable to; 

 Unable to urinate; 

 Small or intermittent urine flow; 

 Micturition have pain or burning sensation; 

 Ejaculatory pain; 

 Blood in urine or semen, and / or; 

 Lower back, buttocks or upper thigh recurrent pain or stiffness. 

 Any of the above symptoms may be cancer or other less serious health problems arising, such as: benign prostatic hyperplasia or infection. They must rely on physician diagnosis. When men have these symptoms should see the Department of Family Medicine or a urologist (specializing in the treatment of genito-urinary system of physicians), do not arise until the pain go, early prostate cancer does not cause pain. 

 Prostate cancer diagnosis 

 When the occurrence of any symptoms associated with prostate cancer, the physician will be asked in detail about the past history of patients and to implement a number of physical examination, may also make a number of laboratory tests. These inspections and tests may include the following: 

 Digital rectal examination - a doctor will have to wear gloves lubrication will finger into the rectum, from the rectum to feel whether the prostate has lumps or nodules phenomenon. 

 Blood test - from laboratory measurement of blood prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) values. Suffering from prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate infection in men, blood PSA values may be higher. Many prostate cancer patients with PAP than the normal value will be high, especially the proliferation of cancer cells when the prostate gland. Physicians can not rely solely on the value of these tests on the diagnosis of prostate cancer, because PSA or PAP increased blood concentrations may also be some non-cancer are caused by the problem. When patients have signs of cancer, the doctor will refer to these test results to decide whether to make further examination of patients. 

 Urine test - from laboratory examination whether the blood or urine infection. 

 Physicians may be opening a number of other test items, to confirm the cause of the symptoms and help determine prostate disease is benign or malignant, such as: 

 Transrectal ultrasound - can not be human to hear high frequency sound waves through a probe inserted through the anus prostate reflected, and then receiving the reflected image of the process of the formation known as the ultrasound image. These pictures can be shown in the screen such as television or printed on paper. 

 Intravenous pyelography tomography - urinary tract a series of X-ray examination. 

 Bladder examination - a doctor uses a thin and light machines have depth urethra and bladder to view the bladder inspection. 

 If the test results may be suspected cancer, patients with biopsy will be carried out. Biopsy are the only way to determine the cancer. For biopsy, the doctor will remove a small amount of fine-needle prostatic tissue. Pathology physicians will check the tissue samples under a microscope to determine whether cancer cells have existence. If cancer exists, physicians will be described Pathology Cancer classification. Cancer classification can know with normal prostatic tissue of similarity, and can speculate a possible tumor growth. There is a method known as classification of prostate cancer Gleason grading system (Gleason Grading System), a score of 2-10 points. Other systems use the G1 to G4 classification. Scores lower than the scores of high-Cancer Cancer of less growth and proliferation. 

 When patients need for biopsy, he may be asked physicians the following questions: 

 How long will it take time? I will be sober are you? Will be hurt? 

 How soon can I know the results? 

 If I had cancer, who will discuss the treatment and I have questions? When? 

 If the physical examination and laboratory findings are not cancer, physicians may recommend the use of drugs to reduce prostate enlargement caused by symptoms. Surgery to alleviate these symptoms are another way. These patients often transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR). Accepted transurethral prostate resection, the machines will be inserted through the penis to remove the oppression of the upper urethra prostatic tissue.