What are the health measures of brain cancer

Brain cancer patients should establish a positive, optimistic attitude towards life, communicate more with the people around them, adjust their mentality. This belongs brain cancer health measures.

After surgery, brain cancer patients should be proper physical exercise as soon as possible to restore nerve function and normal life. Brain cancer care in the diet should be mainly light, eat more foods rich in protein and various vitamins, mainly eating alkaline foods such as vegetables, fruits, corn, plus turtles, loach acidic foods. Brain cancer The patient can not take lavish meals or acidic fluid, which will help the cancer spread and recurrence.

3, brain cancer patients can not eat food stimulation, such as hot tea, coffee, try not to eat fish without scales. Nutritionally balanced helps postoperative recovery. Various tonics, under the premise of ensuring adequate food nutrition, brain cancer patients may be appropriate to take, but it does not to advocate totally dependent tonic. This is also part of the health measures of brain cancer.

Common misunderstanding of the diagnosis of brain cancer

Common misunderstanding of the diagnosis of brain cancer have?

1, cerebellar or brainstem tumors misdiagnosed as cervical spondylosis

Cerebellar or brainstem tumor usually presents with dizziness, neck discomfort and numbness misdiagnosed as cervical spondylosis. Patients often use drugs, improper treatment of cervical traction and Chinese massage, delay the disease. This is a common misunderstanding of the diagnosis of brain cancer.

2, acoustic neuroma misdiagnosed as nerve deafness

The mainly acoustic neuromas early tinnitus, hearing loss, easily overlooked. A considerable part of the patient first treatment in otolaryngology, often diagnosed as nerve deafness, so because of the misunderstanding of the diagnosis of brain tumors delayed tumor treatment, such cases are more common in the elderly.

3, the elderly brain tumor misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular disease glioma

Similar clinical manifestations of brain tumors and cerebrovascular disease, old people the personality behavior change, such as unresponsive, thinking logic chaos, defecating and urinating, lazy life, memory loss, slurred speech, and even hemiplegia is often misdiagnosed as cerebral arteriosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis, elderly brain tumor diagnosis misunderstanding.

4, pituitary tumor misdiagnosed as eye disease or endocrine disease

Only vision loss in patients with pituitary tumors are generally initially on governance in ophthalmology, a considerable part of the patients had treatment of retinal diseases such as optic neuritis, optic atrophy, while the performance of the menopause, lactation pituitary tumor patients often go to gynecological, breast Branch or Department of Endocrinology, diagnosis and treatment. Do head CT or MRI only if not satisfied with the treatment effect or further aggravate the condition, at a time because of the brain tumor diagnosis errors, the tumor has a long and large, has caused great difficulties to the treatment. This is a common misunderstanding of the diagnosis of brain cancer.

Brain cancer relative research

American scientists recently surprised to find by experiment, the change has been genetically engineered common cold virus can actually slipped into the rat brain cancer cells and not the surgical treatment of brain cancer kill. This scientific discovery shocked the U.S. National Cancer Institute, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. scientists said that as soon as possible to anticancer method for the treatment of brain cancer patients. To participate in this experiment the researchers said that they had never seen the animal experiments can produce such a shock effect. If this anti-cancer eventually be able to play a role in the human body, then this will be the first one to cure malignant glial brain tumors. 1.8 million people have been diagnosed with brain cancer in the United States each year, of which 1.3 million people will die soon because of the lack of effective treatment, and about half of these deaths were suffering from malignant glial brain tumors. Patients suffering from brain cancer typically survive for only one year. Researchers of a common cold virus called adenovirus genetically modified, its weakening to the extent that does not affect healthy cells, and then give it to the placement of the "key" of a cancer cell door can be opened. Researchers such a genetically modified virus injected into the rat brain marked malignant glial brain tumor cells, resulting in a 60% cure rate, these cured mice survived for 140 days. After that, researchers will remove its brain no longer brain cancer. The researchers said that in the past, the mice injected with human brain cancer cells usually die within 20 days. Has been adopted The adenovirus is because the virus is very easy to infect human cells. Explain why this transgenic virus reached only 60% cure rate, the researchers said there are two possibilities, first, because the human brain cancer cells in the brains of some mice blooms reach cancer cells The growth rate is faster than the virus replication rate the extent there is a possibility that the virus has not been effectively injected into some mice brain. U.S. scientists say they will as soon as possible in cooperation with the Spanish scientists, to jointly develop an anti-brain cancer drug to human trials. The scientists also said that due to the development of human cancer cells in vivo follow a more complex process, so the treatment of cancer patients than the treatment of mice have been injected with human brain cancer cells to be difficult, but their studies have been fully taken into account these factors. So far, scientists have been injected with human brain cancer cells in mice through a variety of therapies, such as radiation and chemotherapy, a recent study out of new chemotherapy, although can slightly extend the survival time, but eventually died. However, with this new method, the researchers found the therapy one can be called a cure.

The treatment of brain tumors

The treatment of brain tumors can be divided into surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

Surgery
Be surgical resection for primary tumors, as much as possible of the tumor cells removed, to avoid cell proliferation is still the most common mode of treatment. Surgical resection, studies indicate that the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) calibration of cancer cells, it appeared fluorescent, can help enhance the rate of tumor resection, now product Gliolan (medac GmbH) Get approved for sale in Europe. Tumor for the the deeper tumor or can not be removed with traditional open surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery (Gamma knife, Cyberknife or Novalis Tx radiosurgery) is another surgical choice.
For benign tumors, the higher the probability of using complete surgical resection, the patient's survival rate is also higher, such as the brain or cerebellar stellate cell tumor of the sella craniopharyngioma, Choroid plexus tumors, etc., without radiation or chemotherapy treatment, recurrence probabilities are low, but need regular re-examination of CT or MRI. Failed to surgical total removal of residual benign tumor visualization be observed track, then use chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
For malignant brain tumors in general, such as degenerative astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, intraventricular meningioma, teratoma, complete resection or nearly complete resection, the prognosis is better, but must be coupled with radiation therapy and or chemotherapy, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling tumor growth.
Early onset brain tumor patient survival and tumor type and age of the patient and the physiological function have considerable relevance, these factors will influence patient choice of treatment mode.

Chemotherapy
Cancer chemotherapy has made great progress, but due to the special structure of the brain, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the chemical treatment of brain tumors is still subject to many restrictions, any chemotherapy drugs can only be through the lipid solubility of the drug through the intimal cells , and then into the tumor cells to produce an effect, this mode affects the speed and efficiency of drug action.
Chemotherapy drugs commonly used in clinical nitrosourea alkylating agent BCNU and CCNU, or program with PVC (procarbazine + vincristine + CCNU) have a certain effect, but delayed and cumulative bone marrow suppression and pulmonary toxicity side effects, easy to produce drug resistance.
In the the chemotherapy drug research and development of novel treatment of brain tumors, have made new progress. One is oral medication "Temozolomide", the other is the direct implantation surgery drugs wafer Gliadel (BCNU).
Temozolomide (temozolomide) (schering-plow)
Temozolomide is one having anti-tumor activity, ring containing imidazol-four-triazine (imidazotetrazine) of the alkylating antineoplastic agents. Itself and no activity is a prodrug required under physiological levels PH transformed by the non-enzymatic pathways of the active compound MITC (5 - (3 - methyl-triazene -1 - yl) imidazole-4 - amide), The latter further hydrolyzed into its active metabolites in order to show anti-tumor activity. Theoretically, MTIC the anti-tumor activity is mainly generated by the sixth bit oxygen atom and guanine major role in the alkylation, but also occurs with the seventh bit of the nitrogen atom of guanine secondary additionally alkylation therefore ensuing cell toxicity is considered to be related to the of these abnormalities repair methyl compound.
Temozolomide oral administration, radiation therapy can be used to synchronize adjuvant therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme tumors or recurrent malignant gliomas, in the course of treatment should be closely monitored during chemotherapy neutrophils as well as the number of platelets, and avoid the side effects of hematologic toxicity.
Gliadel carmustine implant piece (U.S. Baibo Medicine)
U.S. FDA approval in 1996, developed by Guilford, BCNU as the active ingredient, poly phenylpropionate born 20 release matrix made of the implantation of drug-chip Gliadel, applications for the treatment of recurrent malignant brain tumors after surgery, the drug placed directly in recurrent glioblastoma brain tissue, the drugs slow release, continuing chemotherapy. After years of multi-center clinical trials, the FDA in 2003 to increase its therapeutic indications, approved Gliadel used for the treatment of primary malignant brain tumors, According to literature reports, Gliadel may be extended to the middle of the primary and recurrent malignant brain tumor patients survival.
The treatment is unique in its mode of administration and release system. During a surgical procedure, the first in the tumor tissue excised, leaving a small cavity, and then implant such periodic release of the wafer. These chips will be within 2 to 3 weeks and slowly decompose, melt, releasing the drug directly into the tumor area, killing those in the surgical excision of the tumor cells, and can not harm other organizations under the local lesion to achieve effective blood concentration, slow down the progression of the disease.
American Cancer Alliance (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN) pointed out that the latest principles of treatment for a malignant brain tumor. Primary and recurrence in patients with malignant brain tumors can be the surgical removal of the tumor at the same time placed Gliadel (BCNU), postoperative supplemented radiation treatment or Temozolomide chemotherapy medication, it was reported in the literature, this mode of treatment can effectively extend the median survival of patients.

Radiation therapy
The radiation treatment is the use of radiation or γ-rays, high-speed neutron rays on tumor cell kill, referred to as radiotherapy.
The radiation therapy is the most common tumor adjuvant therapy means, generally 1-2 weeks after surgery. Radiation therapy using tumor cells more sensitive to radiation, to kill tumor cells susceptible to radiation damage, general treatment takes about four to eight weeks, depending on different tumor pathological diagnosis, degree of differentiation and imaging results of medical examination and decided irradiation The size and dose. Many malignant and the deep parts benign tumor can not be safely removed, radiation therapy is an effective method. Radiation therapy has to with shaped or positioned the way, including the linear accelerator radiation therapy, Gamma ray radiosurgery photon knife. However, some malignant brain tumors remains to be done to a wide range of brain radiation therapy or full cranial and spinal radiation therapy.
Published in 2008 by the Texas Anderson Cancer Center study noted that patients receiving stereotactic radiosurgery (stereotactic radiosurgery; SRS) and whole brain radiation therapy (whole brain radiation therapy; WBRT) for patients with learning and memory damage greater side effects risk.

How to prevent brain cancer

How to prevent brain cancer
① cancer can not be formed in the weakly alkaline body;
② cancer only in the formation of acid in the body;
③ If you have cancer, the body is acidic;
④ cancer only in an acidic body extension;
⑤ If your body is weak alkaline, cancer can not be extended;
⑥ If you can balance the PH value of your body, so your body into weak alkaline, no matter what you have is what change and cancer has been cured;
⑦ No matter how bad your situation, even if it is only six months to live, if you can change your body PH value to weak alkaline, cancer will not be extended, will be good;
⑧ do not have to worry about your family, your mom, dad or anyone with cancer, as long as your body is weak alkaline, you will not have to, if you already have, it will change;
The ⑨ cancer are acidic body fluids to survive, nothing else. If your body is acidic, you will get cancer. If it is a weak base, you will not get cancer. If you already have cancer, as long as you can adjust your body's PH value to weak alkaline, cancer will leave you.
Simple tips to prevent cancer is to eat alkaline foods to prevent the accumulation of acidic wastes, because the acidification of the fluid environment is fertile ground for normal cell cancerous, adjust the acid-base balance of body fluid, is the effective way to prevent cancer.
A) to develop good habits, quit alcohol limit. Smoking, the World Health Organization predicts that, if the people are not smoking, five years later, the world's cancer will be reduced by 1/3; Second, do not drink. Tobacco and alcohol is very acidic substances, long-term smokers who drink alcohol, easily lead to acidic.
B) Do not eat too much salty and spicy food, eat hot, too cold, overdue and bad food; frail or have some disease genes are appropriate to eat some anti-cancer foods and alkaline alkaline food to maintain a good mental state.
C) have a good attitude to cope with stress, work and rest, do not fatigue. Visible pressure is an important incentive for the cancer, Chinese medicine, stress leads to fatigue physically weak to cause decreased immune function, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders, resulting in the deposition of acidic substances in the body; pressure can lead to mental stress caused by stagnation of qi and blood stasis, drugs, fire retraction.
D) to enhance physical activity, enhance physical fitness, multi-sport under the sun, and more acidic substances in the body sweat can be excreted with the sweat, to avoid the formation of acidic.
E) life to the law, irregular habits, such as through the night singing karaoke OK, playing mahjong, night life without the law, will increase the acidic, prone to cancer. Should develop good habits to maintain alkaline constitution, so far from their various types of cancer diseases.
F) not to eat contaminated food, such as contaminated water, crops, poultry, fish balls, moldy food, eat some organic food, to prevent the disease from the mouth.
Diagnosis of brain cancer and had brain cancer how to do
In daily life, regular visits to the medical examination, always pay attention to their bodies with or without signs of brain cancer, we must figure out if there is some reaction in the end is what causes the discomfort. The diagnosis is not brain cancer needs to the hospital to do a specific check to see if the blood tests indicators, CEA, CA125, and nuclear magnetic resonance diagnosed.
If diagnosed with brain cancer, first of all do not panic, and must be done to determine how to treat, depending on the situation, many consulting. Usually brain tumor difficult surgery, particularly tumor has nerve. Recommended conservative treatment to diet.
Modern treatment of brain cancer
Before, at home and abroad on the treatment of brain tumors is the use of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, X knife, γ knife, but most of them are difficult to cure malignant short duration, rapid development, the number of malignant degree of surgical resection or chemoradiotherapy sensitive degree of recurrence already late, the growth of tumors in the brainstem, thalamus and other important parts of the surgery or not surgery is difficult, X knife, radiation therapy after tumor may have narrow or short time control growth after tumor growth is no longer recurrence, benign tumor of the longer course, slow-growing, less recurrence, complete surgical resection of the growth in the brain stem and other important parts of the brain tumor surgery only partially or subtotal tumor will relapse after surgery, regrowth malignant brain tumor after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the average survival rate of less than a year, the partial benign glioma, pituitary tumors, craniopharyngioma, cholesteatoma benign intracranial surgery is not easy excision, γ knife, X knife , radiation therapy is not possible to completely kill the tumor after surgery most patients still relapse.

Brain Cancer Introduction

Grown in intracranial tumors known as brain tumors, including primary brain tumor from the brain parenchyma and transferred from other parts of the body to the brain secondary brain tumor. Primary brain tumor was divided according to their biological characteristics of benign and malignant. Benign brain tumor is slow-growing, the envelope is complete, no infiltration of the surrounding tissue and well-differentiated; malignant brain tumor growth, non-enveloped obvious boundaries showed infiltrative growth, poorly differentiated. Whether benign or malignant, can squeeze, the passage of normal brain tissue caused by increased intracranial pressure, threatening the lives of the people.
In recent years, the incidence of intracranial tumors upward trend According to statistics, the intracranial tumor accounts for about 5% of the whole-body tumor, accounting for 70% of childhood tumors and other malignancies, ultimately there will be 20-30% into the intracranial due invasive growth of its expansion in intracranial once, according to a certain space, regardless of its nature is benign or malignant, are bound to make the increased intracranial pressure, brain pressure, leading to central nervous system damage, endangering the lives of patients.
Intracranial tumors can occur at any age, the most common in 20-50 years. Children posterior fossa and midline tumors were more common, mainly for medulloblastoma, craniopharyngioma and ependymoma. Most common adult cerebral hemisphere gliomas, astrocytoma, glioblastoma cell tumors, ependymal tumors, etc., followed by meningiomas, pituitary tumors, craniopharyngioma, neurofibroma, cavernous hemangioma, cholesteatoma. The incidence of primary intracranial tumors no significant gender differences, men slightly more than women.
How brain cancer is caused by acidic and brain cancer
Cause acidic diet, lifestyle factors such as long-term decline in the functioning of the whole body, causing kidney, liver and kidney origin, kidney liver is also true, and thus caused on coke metabolic cycle slows down, blocking the cerebral arterial blood gas stagnate. Then some brain parasites, viruses, blooms, causing a severe brain injury.
Acidification of brain tissue fluid, brain cells in the acidic fluid, thus the formation of brain cells decline in dissolved oxygen, resulting in the decreased activity of the cell metabolism circulation slows down to 65% of normal, normal cells can not survive, but also willing to change chromosome take initiative mutated cells, to phenotype changes, tumor traits to be expressed, these cells rapidly amplified so as to form a true tumor entities.
In addition, there are other organizations of cancerous occurred due to acidic body, because of the decline in brain function, brain tissue fluid acidification cancer swoop, caused by a brain tumor.
What are the early signs and clinical manifestations of brain cancer
Depending on the pathological type, location, the main difference in speed, and then with three characteristics: 1, increased intracranial pressure; 2, localized disease symptoms; 3, the progressive course of the disease.
(A) increased intracranial pressure symptoms accounting for more than 90% of patients with brain tumors, and its performance:
1, headache, nausea, vomiting, headache located in the forehead and temporal paroxysmal intensification of persistent headache, constant headache in the morning, the intermittent period can be normal.
2, papilledema and vision loss.
Spirit and disturbance of consciousness and other symptoms: dizziness, diplopia, transient amaurosis, cataplexy, confusion, mental anxiety or apathy, seizures can occur, and even coma.
Changes in vital signs: moderate and severe acute increased intracranial pressure, often caused by respiration, pulse, slow down blood pressure.
(B) local symptoms and signs: depending on the site of tumor growth, according to the patient's specific symptoms and signs to make a diagnosis of tumor localization.
(1) clinical symptoms of cerebral hemisphere tumors:
Psychiatric symptoms: more performance as unresponsive and lazy life, recent memory loss, and even loss, severe loss of insight and judgment, also showed bad temper, irritability or euphoria.
2 seizures: including systemic grand mal and limitations of seizures, the frontal lobe is the most common, followed by the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe is the most rare, in some cases, before the seizure aura, such as the temporal lobe tumors, seizures often the aura of fantasy, dizziness, numbness before the onset of the parietal lobe tumor and other abnormal sensations.
3 pyramidal tract damage symptoms: showed positive pathologic tumor contralateral bust or a single limb is weak or paralyzed.
4, sensory disturbances: performance tumor contralateral limb position sense point discrimination, graphic feel, material sense, entities sleep disorder.
5 aphasia: divided into movement and sensory aphasia.
6, the vision changed: the performance of visual field defects, hemianopia.
(2) the clinical manifestations of sellar tumors:
A visually impaired: tumor development to the saddle on the oppression of the optic chiasm cause vision loss and visual field defects, often is the main reason for treatment of the sella tumor patients come fundus examination can be found in the primary optic atrophy.
2, endocrine disorders: such as hypogonadism, male performance for impotence, loss of libido. Served in mature female performance to extend the period of menstruation or amenorrhea, the secretion of growth hormone cause gigantism, acromegaly mature fat blind performance.
(3) The pineal region tumor clinical symptoms:
Quadrigeminal oppressed symptoms: focus on performance in two aspects, namely: visual disorders, pupillary reaction and adjustment reaction disorder, tinnitus, deafness; unstable hold things, staggering gait, eye level tremor, limb incomplete paralysis on both sides pyramidal signs; diabetes insipidus, lethargy, obesity, body growth pause, male visibility precocious.
(4) the posterior fossa tumor clinical symptoms:
1, cerebellar hemispheres symptoms: mainly affected limb ataxia, ipsilateral muscle tone or tension, knee tendon reflexes slow, eye level tremor, sometimes there may be vertical or rotational tremor may also occur.
2, the cerebellar vermis symptoms: mainly for the torso and distal lower extremity ataxia, walking two feet separated too far, staggering gait, or from side to side, such as drunk.
Brainstem symptoms: clinical manifestations characterized cross palsy, such as brain lesions more than performance oculomotor nerve palsy to the side of the lesion, pontine lesions may manifest as lesions the side eyeball outreach and facial muscle paralysis, the same side Ministry sensory impairments, and hearing impairments, medullary lesions the ipsilateral tongue muscle paralysis, throat paralysis, 1/3 of the tongue taste disappeared.
Cerebellopontine angle symptoms: usually presents tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, facial numbness, facial muscle twitching, paralysis of facial muscles and hoarseness, cough potable water, the disease side ataxia and level shock eye.
(C) the progressive course of the disease, the cancer early may not symptoms of oppression, with the increase of the tumor, the clinical often show symptoms of varying degrees of oppression, according to the level of tumor location and degree of malignancy, tumor growth speed the pace, the symptoms progress the extent to also be fast or slow.

5 pathogenic factors of malignant lymphoma

Malignant lymphoma, immune cells in the tumor, lymph nodes and extranodal sites lymphoid tissues derived from lymphocytes or malignant tissue. Of malignant lymphoma is relatively rare, but in recent years, new cases increased year by year, at least over 25 thousand cases per year, while in Europe, the Americas and Australia and other Western countries, the incidence may be as high as 11/10 to 18/100 000, slightly higher than the sum of the various types of leukemia.

Malignant lymphoma risk factor:

(1) physical cause (radiation)

The incidence of lymphoma is not only related with the absorption of the radiation dose with age affected by radiation, radiation population under 25 years of age, the incidence of lymphoma than other populations. Medical radiation on the pathogenesis of human tumors affect more and more attention, especially in the high-dose radiation role in promoting human lymphoma.

(2) chemical etiology

Types of chemical carcinogens, alkylating agents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, aromatic amines, and the incidence of malignant lymphoma certain. The chemical drugs caused the occurrence of malignant lymphoma is not rare, such as cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, melphalan caused malignant lymphoma have been reported. Malignant lymphoma of the rural population in agricultural production, with the application of pesticides and fertilizers, morbidity and mortality rates continue to increase.

(3) immune factors

The malignant lymphoma malignancies of the immune system, immune deficiency is an important cause of malignant lymphoma. Under normal circumstances, the body's immune system has the functions of immune surveillance, mutated or cancerous cells in vivo can play the role of removals. Immunocompromised patients susceptible to opportunistic infections, especially viral infections.

(4) genetic factors

Genetic factors associated with the etiology of malignant lymphoma reported in many aspects, sometimes seen significant familial aggregation, such as brothers and sisters can be successively or simultaneously suffering from malignant lymphoma.

(5) viral etiology

The virus is an important direction of research in cancer etiology. Current research situation in close relationship with malignant lymphoma virus EB virus, human T-lymphotropic virus viral human tropism B lymphocytes.

The human lymphatic system

The lymphatic system is the body's defense system, it is closely related to the cardiovascular system. The lymphatic system can be manufactured white blood cells and antibodies, the pathogen was filtered off, and also has an important role in the in vivo distribution for liquid and nutrient.

Like over the body's blood circulatory system, the lymphatic system is a mesh of liquid systems. The flow of lymph in the lymphatic system, turns from plasma, but plasma cleared, more water, penetrated the organization from the capillary wall space.

The spleen is the largest lymphoid organ, the spleen can filter the blood to remove aging red blood cells, usually as a blood bank reserve excess blood.

Many pipeline lymphatic system and lymph nodes, lymphatic capillaries throughout the body, to collect the excess liquid, enter two total catheter: a trunk thoracic duct of the lymphatic system, and the spine parallel to each other, leading to the left near the heart of a large vein; another a right lymphatic duct, leading to the right of the vein.

The lymphatic system is not like the heart as the pump pressure to send the lymph. New tissue fluid flowing into the liquid in the gaps between cells to squeeze into the lymphatic. Artery and muscle constrictor lymph forward pressure is applied. Respiration cause negative pressure within the thoracic duct, the lymph upward flow back into the blood.

One was injured tissue swelling, and rely on the lymphatic system to eliminate the accumulation of liquid restore normal liquid loop.

Along the lymphatic capillaries have over 100 lymph nodes or lymph glands, body and neck, groin and armpits, especially intensive. Each lymph node, there are a series of fiber valve, lymph from the stream, filter out microorganisms and toxins, and to be abolished, in order to prevent the spread of infection.

When the virus invades the human body to infection, lymph node enlargement pain. Touched two lumps under the chin like a sore throat, lymph node that is. Lymph node mass will naturally reduce inflammation disappeared.

What is Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system. Cancer cells in the lymph nodes, but may also spread to the tonsils, spleen, thymus or bone marrow. Occasionally also may spread to organs outside the lymphatic system. The most common lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma. The two lymphoma symptoms (probably similar), but treatment (direction) is completely different. The initial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the rule of the more late example, third or fourth chance of cure (lower). However, the symptoms and treatment of both lymphoma is completely different. The initial non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is usually Metallurgical more but late example, third or fourth, chance of cure low point.

Symptom

The common symptoms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma include swollen lymph nodes Zhang mass in the neck or other body part. The patient may also experience the "B symptoms such as fever, night sweats or fatigue. Causes (lymphoma) has not yet been clear, but there are few incentives. (A family of organ transplant patients or AIDS patients are at high risk, due to reduced immune system through the hair lymphadenopathy). In addition a more acute lymphoma called Burkitt's lymphoma is related with virus such as Ai parked Stein's virus (Epstein Barr virus). Contact with chemicals and increasing age also increases the risk of (lymphoma).

The common symptoms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma appears in the lymph node swelling Zhang mass in the neck or other parts of the body. The patient may also experience the "B symptoms such as fever, night sweats or fatigue. Genesis has not yet clear, but there are few incentives. The immune system to reduce organ transplant patients or AIDS patients are high-risk group. In addition a more acute lymphoma called Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with viruses such as Epstein virus. Also increases the risk of contact with chemicals and increasing age.

Diagnosis

If suspected of suffering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and doctors need to extract the lymph nodes or organs of living tissue for examination to distinguish cell morphology (microscopy analysis, such as B-cell or T-cell type can be distinguished; longer wear aggregate cell fine and chromosomes, can determine the type of Hodgkin's lymphoma). (Computer scanned image can be detected by the neck to the basin-proliferation and tumor size). Positron Emission Tomography is another whole body scan (sex). The injection of a small amount of radioactive substances to the cancer cells absorb. Cancer will be presented in the scanned image as light or heat. Or positron computer hybrid scan showed high metabolic image. (Another check) bone marrow live cell assay to determine the cancer has not spread to the bone marrow.

If suspected of suffering from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and need to extract the lymph nodes or organs of living tissue for examination to distinguish: B cells or T cells, microscopic morphology, cell large fine and chromosomes. The scanned image of the neck to the pelvis can detect the size of the spread of cancer cells. Positron Emission Tomography another body scan. The injection of a small amount of radioactive substances to the cancer cells absorb. Cancer will be presented in the scanned image as light or heat. Or positron computer hybrid scan showed high metabolic image. Then will do a check to determine the cancer has not spread to the bone marrow bone marrow living cells.

Treatment

If it is a chronic lymphoma, patients can survive for many years without cure cases. If there are symptoms, the available oral chemical cure and fewer side effects. (Late) lymphoma is not the rule of the more, the patient may produce other symptoms such as infection or bleeding due to destruction of bone marrow function. Lymphoma cure or height injecting chemical cure. Injection of chemical cure will be mixed with antibody therapy to target cancer cells. (In some cases also filial piety into account the chemical cure the radiation cure) to reduce the opportunity of restoring the laws. (Such as patient relapse of second-line chemotherapy response), the patient should receive stem cell transplantation. Stem cell transplant healthy stem cells transplanted into already receiving high-dose chemotherapy for lymphoma patients. Their bone marrow will be reborn. This intense treatment program has already started is confirmed to effectively control the disease and increase survival rates, but also a lot of side effects